The system is a great target for studying the formation and evolution of the atmosphere.

Researchers use Planenjager TESS They discovered three promising new planets. The planets orbit the star TOI 451 (also known as CD-38 1467); Much smaller version of our sun. It’s an exciting discovery. These planets may provide us with more insight into how the atmosphere was formed and evolved.

River
The entire system is in the so-called stream of the whale – iridanus; A “river” was recently discovered by young stars and named after the constellations with the greatest concentrations of the twinkling sun. These young stars are less than 3% of the life of our solar system. This is interesting. The initially determined age of the river was much older than scientists now believe. The entire “river” extends to about a third of the sky. For example, it is about 1,300 light-years long and includes 14 constellations. How is such a river created? Stellar rivers are born when the gravity of our Milky Way galaxy tears apart star clusters or dwarf galaxies. The individual stars move along the original orbit of the cluster, forming an elongated cluster that gradually disintegrates.

Stream whale iridanus. Photo: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center

The young star TOI 451 is located 400 light-years from Earth in the constellation Eridanus, which shines brightly in the southern sky. The mass of the star is 0.95 times the mass of the sun, and it is about 12% smaller than the mass of the sun. This means that the TOI 451 is also slightly cooler and emits 35 percent less energy. In addition, the star rotates around its axis every 5.1 days, and is five times faster than our sun.

Planets
Researchers now have it in New study He discovered that this star is accompanied by three planets. It relates to three scorching hot worlds slightly larger than Earth. The deepest planet is TOI 451 b, which orbits its parent star every 1.9 days. TOI 451 b is about 1.9 times the size of the Earth, and its mass ranges from two to 12 times that of the Earth. The second planet, TOI 451 c, orbits its star every 9.2 days. The planet is about three times the size of the Earth and ranges from three to sixteen times the mass of the Earth. The farthest and largest planet is TOI 451 D. But make no mistake. Because even though this planet is farthest from TOI 451, it is still three times closer than its parent star from Mercury to our sun. This planet orbits the star every sixteen days, is four times the size of the Earth and weighs between four and nineteen Earth masses.

Artist’s impression of the TOI 451. Photo: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Download high-resolution images from NASA’s Science Visualization Studio

So all planets are at a short distance from the sun. This means that it will be very hot. The temperature on the inner planet can reach 1,200 ° C, while the temperature on the outer planet can reach 450 ° C. This means that they are very inhospitable planets where life as we know it is impossible.

Atmosphere
However, this does not mean that the planets are uninteresting. Because researchers are keen to subject the planets to close scrutiny. “The system is only 120 million years old and only 400 light-years away,” confirms study leader Elizabeth Newton. “This allows us to observe this system in great detail. In addition, the discovered planets are between two and four times the size of Earth, making them promising targets for testing current theories about how the atmosphere formed and evolved.”

Properties
Astrocytes suspect that planets of this size are able to preserve some of their atmospheres despite the intense heat of their nearby star. Additionally, various theories of how the atmosphere evolved over time indicate a variety of properties. By observing the starlight that seeps through these planets’ atmospheres, researchers hope to better study this stage of evolution and determine their composition. Researcher Elisa Quintana explains: “By measuring starlight entering the planet’s atmosphere at different wavelengths, we can determine the chemical composition and the presence of high clouds or nebulae.” This could help improve our current models of how the atmosphere evolved and evolved.

debris
At this point, the researchers have already found some interesting properties. For example, observations with the WISE infrared telescope reveal that the system is unusually bright between wavelengths of 12 and 24 μm. This indicates a real debris disk, as rocky orbs collide and turn into dust. Although researchers cannot determine the exact size of that disk, they see it as a diffuse ring of rocks and dust as far away from a star as Jupiter from our sun.

Finally, the researchers found that TOI 451 may also have two other stellar companions orbiting each other far from the planets. All in all, interesting discoveries thanks to the planet hunter TESS, who has already revealed many strange worlds. The search continues. Because researchers want to use the upcoming Hubble Space Telescope and James Webb Telescope to learn more about planets around TOI 451. In addition, TESS also continues to map the universe without disturbance. Researcher Jesse Christiansen concludes, “More observations using TESS will continue to allow us to push the boundaries of what we know about exoplanets and their systems in the coming years.”

The pieces